Jeffrey Ian Ross, Ph.D., is Professor in the School of Criminal Justice, College of Public Affairs, and Research Fellow of the Center for International and Comparative Law, at the Schaefer Center for Public Policy at the University of Baltimore.

Francesca Vianello, Ph.D., is Associate Professor in Sociology of Law, Deviance and Social Change in the Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education and Applied Psychology at the University of Padua, where she teaches Sociology of Law, Sociology of Deviance, and Sociology of Prison Life.